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动物养殖 2

Nrf2/Keap1 系统 1

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细胞培养肉；种子细胞；生物反应器；大规模培养工艺；培养基研制；食品化加工 1

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Measurement of trimethylamine concentration and evaluation of pig meat natural quality by a spectrophotometric

Mohammod Abdul HAMID,Xi WANG,Xiangdong DING,Chuduan WANG,Xingbo ZHAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第3期页码 236-241 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014034

摘要： Pig meat off-flavor is attributed to trimethylamine (TMA) concentration, and it is considered as the precursor of the fishy off-flavor problems. In this study, TMA concentrations in pig meat were determined, and the interactions with breed and gender effects were discussed. In addition, the TMA threshold for meat off-flavor and pig meat natural quality was measured in relation to meat storage and movement, and the influential factors including the pig breed and storage time were discussed. The results indicated positive effects on the precursor of the fishy off-flavor and the TMA threshold. Native breeds were found to have lower TMA concentrations than European breeds ( <0.01), and females and castrated males had significantly lower TMA concentration than males ( <0.01), The threshold concentration of TMA when meat was classed as off-flavored was 25 μg·g , and this occurred after 35–38 h of storage. The natural qualities, such as appearance, flavor, color and overall acceptable scores declined significantly after 4 days in storage ( <0.01). It is concluded that pig meat off-flavor, breed and gender were essential factors affecting flavor for meat breeding programs, and storage time is important for pig meat natural quality.

关键词： pig meat trimethylamine (TMA) influential factor

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A genome-wide association study of five meat quality traits in Yorkshire pigs

Qian DONG,Huiying LIU,Xinyun LI,Wei WEI,Shuhong ZHAO,Jianhua CAO

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 137-143 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014014

摘要： Meat quality is an important trait in the pig industry. To identify genomic regions and haplotype blocks responsible for meat quality traits in pigs, a genome-wide association study was conducted for five traits including intramuscular fat content, pH at 45 min and 24 h, drip loss within 24 h and water-holding capacity in 231 Yorkshire barrows using illumina porcine 60k SNP chips. The results showed that a total of 344 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were significantly associated with five meat quality traits ( <1×10 ). Moreover, 323 SNPs were within the reported QTL regions, of which 21 were novel. Also, 158 SNPs fell into the proximal region of meat quality related genes. In addition, 25 haplotype blocks based on 116 SNPs were revealed with SNP combination patterns for five traits. Our study added new SNP information for identification of meat quality traits in pigs and will help elucidate the mechanisms of meat quality in pigs.

关键词： Pig GWAS meat quality trait SNP

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Thermochemical pretreatment of meat and bone meal and its effect on methane production

Guangxue WU , Zhenhu HU , Mark G. HEALY , Xinmin ZHAN ,

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2009年第3卷第3期页码 300-306 doi: 10.1007/s11783-009-0031-6

摘要： Since the solubilization of meat and bone meal (MBM) is a prerequisite in many MBM disposal approaches, enhancement of the solubilization by means of thermochemical pretreatment was investigated in this study at two temperatures (55°C and 131°C) and six sodium hydroxide (NaOH) concentrations (0, 1.25, 2.5, 5, 10 and 20g/L). The MBM volatile solid (VS) reduction ratio was up to 66% and 70% at 55°C and 131°C, respectively. At the same temperature, the VS reduction ratio increased with the increase in the dosage of NaOH. The study on the methane (CH) production potential of pretreated MBM shows that the addition of NaOH at 55°C did not cause the inhibition of the succeeding CH production process. However, CH production was inhibited by the addition of NaOH at 131°C. The CH production potential was in the range of 389 to 503mL CH/g VS MBM and 464 to 555mL CH/g VS MBM at 55°C and 131°C, respectively.

关键词： thermochemical pretreatment meat and bone meal solid reduction solid solubilization methane production potential

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EFFICIENT CONTAMINANT REMOVAL FROM LIQUID DIGESTATE OF PIG MANURE BY CHEMICAL PRECIPITATION AND CO MINERALIZATION

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第3期页码 479-491 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023480

摘要：

● LFD was treated by fly ash-based chemical precipitation and CO₂ mineralization.

关键词： anaerobic digestion chemical oxygen demand fly ash ion removal total phosphate

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EFFECT OF EXOGENOUS ADDITIVES ON HEAVY METAL PASSIVATION AND NITROGEN RETENTION IN PIG MANURE COMPOSTING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023487

摘要：

● Research on heavy metal passivation and nitrogen emissions is necessary for the pig industry.

关键词： additives composting heavy metals passivation nitrogen retention pig manure

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AMMONIA DISPERSION FROM MULTI-FLOOR VERSUS STANDARD SINGLE-FLOOR PIG PRODUCTION FACILITIES BASED ON COMPUTATIONAL

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第10卷第3期页码 374-389 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023501

摘要：

● NH₃ dispersion from a multi-floor pig building was compared to a single-floor building.

关键词： pig building computational fluid dynamics ammonia dispersion

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我国牛羊肉产业的发展现状、挑战与出路

任继周,李发弟,曹建民,李秉龙,胥刚,唐增

《中国工程科学》 2019年第21卷第5期页码 67-73 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2019.05.014

摘要：

牛羊肉产业在利用农业资源、丰富膳食结构、繁荣农业经济及维护民族稳定等方面具有重要的战略作用。我国牛羊肉产业正从副业生产逐步迈向专业化生产，虽然取得了一些成就，但也面临着供需缺口持续增大、粗饲料资源结构性不合理、牛羊种业发展滞后、外源性竞争加剧等挑战。通过国内外对比分析与趋势判断，笔者提出了推进草畜一体化建设、尽快启动牛羊肉产业关键技术环节的国家重点研发计划、完善育种机制、加强牛羊肉屠宰加工业的发展、加大对西南地区牛羊肉产业的培育力度等战略建议。

关键词：牛羊肉产业草地农业肉类生产肉类消费

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培育肉生产技术发展研究

关欣,周景文,堵国成,陈坚

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第6期页码 178-186 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.06.018

摘要：

培育肉指不经饲养和屠宰动物、而是通过体外培养动物细胞来生产获得的新型肉制品，被视为最有可能解决传统牲畜生产导致资源消耗、环境污染、公众健康等问题的有效方案之一。本文概括了培育肉生产流程与关键技术，梳理了培育肉技术的国际发展态势，剖析了我国培育肉技术发展态势及行业发展面临的问题，据此提出我国培育肉生产技术的发展建议。研究发现，培育肉生产涉及细胞生物学、组织工程、发酵工程、食品工程等多学科领域的技术融合与综合运用，世界培育肉技术的发展处于起步和上升阶段；尽管行业领先企业已实现技术集成与产业化示范，但培育肉的工业化生产尚未完全实现，诸多关键技术瓶颈亟待突破。研究认为，我国培育肉行业起步较晚，面临研究基础薄弱、技术研发思路单一、产业化进程缓慢等问题，未来应加大对相关基础研发的政策和资金支持，加强跨行业交流并促进校企合作，注重消费者对培育肉的接受度与口味营养需求。

关键词：培育肉肌肉组织动物干细胞扩增定向诱导分化食品化加工

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Reprogramming of the pig primordial germ cells into pluripotent stem cells: a brief review

Qijing LEI, Qin PAN, Shuai YU, Na LI, Shulin CHEN, Kuldip SIDHU, Jinlian HUA

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年第6卷第1期页码 28-32 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2018222

摘要：

Primordial germ cells (PGCs) are regarded as unipotent cells that can produce only either spermatogonia or oocytes. However, PGCs can be converted into the pluripotent state by first dedifferentiation to embryonic germ cells and then by reprogramming to induce them to become pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These two stages can be completely implemented with mouse cells. However, authentic porcine iPSCs have not been established. Here, we discuss recent advances in the stem cell field for obtaining iPSCs from PGCs. This knowledge will provide some clues which will contribute to the regulation of reprogramming to pluripotency in farm species.

关键词： pig pluripotent stem cells primordial germ cells reprogramming

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植物蛋白基仿生肉制品研究进展 Review

孙翠霞, 葛姣, 何君, 甘人友, 方亚鹏

《工程（英文）》 2021年第7卷第5期页码 674-678 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2020.10.011

摘要：

蛋白质是人类健康生活必需的营养元素，动物源肉制品是人体补充蛋白质的主要来源。随着全球人口持续增长，人们对蛋白质的需求快速增加，传统畜牧业由于生态环境和动物福利的压力，无法生产足够的肉制品供人类消费。通过一定技术手段制备具有动物肉的纤维结构、质构、颜色、风味、口感、外观的仿生肉制品，充分响应了绿色、环保、健康、可持续发展的理念。本文聚焦植物蛋白基仿生肉制品，重点综述了仿生肉制品的产品配方和制备技术，并基于营养安全角度分析了消费者对仿生肉制品的接受程度。此外，总结了仿生肉制品现阶段发展所面临的主要挑战，并展望了其发展前景。

关键词：仿生肉制品加工工艺营养安全可接受度

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Genome-wide association study of the backfat thickness trait in two pig populations

Dandan ZHU,Xiaolei LIU,Rothschild MAX,Zhiwu ZHANG,Shuhong ZHAO,Bin FAN

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第2期页码 91-95 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014005

摘要： Backfat thickness is a good predictor of carcass lean content, an economically important trait, and a main breeding target in pig improvement. In this study, the candidate genes and genomic regions associated with the tenth rib backfat thickness trait were identified in two independent pig populations, using a genome-wide association study of porcine 60K SNP genotype data applying the compressed mixed linear model (CMLM) statistical method. For each population, 30 most significant single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were selected and SNP annotation implemented using Build 10.2. In the first population, 25 significant SNPs were distributed on seven chromosomes, and SNPs on SSC1 and SSC7 showed great significance for fat deposition. The most significant SNP (ALGA0006623) was located on SSC1, upstream of the gene. In the second population, 27 significant SNPs were recognized by annotation, and 12 SNPs on SSC12 were related to fat deposition. Two haplotype blocks, M1GA0016251-MARC0075799 and ALGA0065251-MARC0014203-M1GA0016298-ALGA0065308, were detected in significant regions where the and genes were identified as contributing to fat metabolism. The results indicated that genetic mechanism regulating backfat thickness is complex, and that genome-wide associations can be affected by populations with different genetic backgrounds.

关键词： backfat thickness SNP chip genome-wide association study compressed mixed linear model pig

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Detection of genomic signatures for pig hairlessness using high-density SNP data

Ying SU,Yi LONG,Xinjun LIAO,Huashui AI,Zhiyan ZHANG,Bin YANG,Shijun XIAO,Jianhong TANG,Wenshui XIN,Lusheng HUANG,Jun REN,Nengshui DING

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年第1卷第4期页码 307-313 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2014039

摘要： Hair provides thermal regulation for mammals and protects the skin from wounds, bites and ultraviolet (UV) radiation, and is important in adaptation to volatile environments. Pigs in nature are divided into hairy and hairless, which provide a good model for deciphering the molecular mechanisms of hairlessness. We conducted a genomic scan for genetically differentiated regions between hairy and hairless pigs using 60K SNP data, with the aim to better understand the genetic basis for the hairless phenotype in pigs. A total of 38405 SNPs in 498 animals from 36 diverse breeds were used to detect genomic signatures for pig hairlessness by estimating between-population ( ) values. Seven diversifying signatures between Yucatan hairless pig and hairy pigs were identified on pig chromosomes (SSC) 1, 3, 7, 8, 10, 11 and 16, and the biological functions of two notable genes, and were revealed. When Mexican hairless pigs were contrasted with hairypigs, strong signatures were detected on SSC1 and SSC10, which harbor two functionally plausible genes, and . KEGG pathway analysis showed a subset of overrepresented genes involved in the T cell receptor signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway and the tight junction pathways. All of these pathways may be important in local adaptability of hairless pigs. The potential mechanisms underlying the hairless phenotype in pigs are reported for the first time. and are interesting candidate genes for the hairless phenotype in Yucatan hairless and Mexico hairless pigs, respectively. , , and as well as other genes involved in the MAPK and T cell receptor signaling pathways may be important in environmental adaption by improved tolerance to UV damage in hairless pigs. These findings improve our understanding of the genetic basis for inherited hairlessness in pigs.

关键词： hairlessness pig selective sweeping

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细胞培养肉产业技术发展态势及建议

关欣,周景文,堵国成,陈坚

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第3期页码 251-262 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.07.018

摘要：

细胞培养肉是融合先进生物技术、食品技术的战略性新兴产业，未来有可能带动农业领域的产业结构调整和发展模式转变；细胞培养肉技术正处于向商品化迈进的阶段，开展相关产业技术发展态势分析具有价值。本文梳理了细胞培养肉生产核心原料和试剂的产业态势及研究进展，涵盖良种动物、种子细胞、培养基、支架材料；分析了支持细胞培养肉生产的基础装备设施（生物安全柜、生物反应器及其他常用装备）制造技术瓶颈与行业竞争格局；剖析了细胞培养肉规模化生产的核心技术体系及发展动态，涉及种子细胞库建立、低成本培养基研制、大规模培养工艺、食品化加工技术。针对我国细胞培养肉产业基础的薄弱之处，提出了针对性发展建议：加快试剂装备国产化进程、完善细胞培养肉产业链，完善培养肉技术体系、加强知识产权国际布局，优化学科专业布局、校企融合双元育人，完善产品风险评估、论证和发布团体标准，加强科学知识普及、提高公众接受度。

关键词：细胞培养肉；种子细胞；生物反应器；大规模培养工艺；培养基研制；食品化加工

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Validation of

Youfen Xu, Zong Li, Ruyin Liu, Hongxia Liang, Zhisheng Yu, Hongxun Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年第14卷第4期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-020-1246-9

摘要： Abstract • Pig feces is the predominant excrement produced by animal husbandry in China. • The PF, Pig-1-BacTaqMan, and Pig-2-BacTaqMan MST assays showed better performance. • The pig-specific MST assays can contribute to managing the pig fecal pollution. In China, pig feces is the predominant source of excrement produced by animal husbandry. Improper use or direct discharge of pig feces can result in contamination of natural water systems. Microbial source tracking (MST) technology can identify the sources of fecal pollution in environmental water, and contribute to the management of pig fecal pollution by local environmental protection agencies. However, the accuracy of such assays can be context-dependent, and they have not been comprehensively evaluated under Chinese conditions. We aimed to compare the performance of five previously reported pig-specific MST assays (PF, Pig-Bac1SYBR, Pig-Bac2SYBR, Pig-1-BacTaqMan, and Pig-2-BacTaqMan, which are based on Bacteroidales 16S rRNA gene markers) and apply them in two rivers of North China. We collected a total of 173 fecal samples from pigs, cows, goats, chickens, humans, and horses across China. The PF assay optimized in this study showed outstanding qualitative performance and achieved 100% specificity and sensitivity. However, the two SYBR green qPCR assays (Pig-Bac1SYBR and Pig-Bac2SYBR) cross-reacted with most non-pig fecal samples. In contrast, both the Pig-1-BacTaqMan and Pig-2-BacTaqMan assays gave 100% specificity and sensitivity. Of these, the Pig-2-BacTaqMan assay showed higher reproducibility. Our results regarding the specificity of these pig-specific MST assays differ from those reported in Thailand, Japan, and America. Using the PF and Pig-2-BacTaqMan assays, a field test comparing the levels of pig fecal pollution in rivers near a pig farm before and after comprehensive environmental pollution governance indicated that pig fecal pollution was effectively controlled at this location.

关键词： Microbial source tracking Pig fecal pollution 16S rRNA gene markers Pig-specific Bacteroidales